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Comparing Join Algorithms

Review of cost formulae:

Algorithm Cost
Nested Loops NR(1 + pR NS)
Nested Loops (improved) NR(1 + NS)
Block Nested Loops NR + ceil(NR / (B−2)) NS
Index Nested Loops NR(1 + 2 pR)
Sort Merge NR + NS


  • NR: Number of pages in R.
  • NS: Number of pages in S.
  • pR: Number of R rows per page.
  • pS: Number of S rows per page.
  • B: Number of pages (Blocks) in memory used for the join.

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